雪鬆

2022年11月6日

雪鬆項目:使用區塊鏈技術改善跨境支付-紐約聯邦儲備銀行凱特於2022年11月6日在Twitter上Pinterest上發表評論雪鬆項目是紐約創新中心(NYIC)的首個項目。這是一個多階段的研究工作，旨在為美聯儲背景下的理論批發中央銀行數字貨幣(wCBDC)開發一個技術框架。在Cedar項目的第一階段，開發了批發中央銀行數字貨幣的原型，以展示區塊鏈在提高批發跨境支付市場的速度、成本和獲取外彙(FX)現貨交易方麵的潛力。批發跨境支付是指中央銀行、私營部門銀行、公司和總部位於不同司法管轄區的其他機構之間的金融交易。外彙現貨交易是最常見的批發跨境支付之一，因為它們往往被要求支持更廣泛的交易，如國際貿易或外國資產投資。盡管跨境支付運作良好，但仍有改進的機會。一般來說，外彙現貨交易的結算時間大約為兩天。在這兩天裏，交易對手麵臨著結算、交易對手和信用風險，這些風險可能會阻礙機構獲得流動性的能力。在模擬的批發外彙現貨交易中，Project Cedar開發了一個批發中央銀行數字貨幣原型，以測試區塊鏈技術是否可以提供快速安全的支付。Project Cedar解決方案概念的核心是分布式賬本基礎設施，這是一種多賬本結構，其中每種貨幣都維護在單獨的賬本上，由其各自的模擬中央銀行操作。 The Phase I prototype included design choices such as a permissioned blockchain network, utilizing an Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) data model, and Rust as the primary programming language. Results Project Cedar showed that blockchain-enabled cross-border payments can be faster, simultaneous, and safer: Faster Payments: In the test environment, transactions on the blockchain-enabled distributed ledger system settled under 15 seconds on average. Atomic Settlement: The simulated ledger network enabled atomic settlement, meaning both sides of the simulated transactions were settled either simultaneously or not at all, and reducing the risks currently borne by counterparties. Safer and Accessible Transactions: The distributed ledger system design enabled payments on a 24/7/365 basis and supported objectives related to interoperability by enabling transactions across separate, homogeneous ledgers networks representing a variety of financial institutions, including central and private sector banks. Next Steps Phase I of Project Cedar revealed key questions and highlighted areas for further research, specifically around ledger platform design, interoperability, and security. As part of its continued wCBDC research, the NYIC will explore questions related to interoperability and ledger design, including how to achieve concurrence and best enforce atomic transactions across different blockchain-based payment systems.