奧克蘭大學

2022年12月20日

信貸:Waipapa Taumata勞,奧克蘭大學在納米技術:越來越多的金屬雪花科學家工作的原子操縱金屬,打開創建新材料的可能性。在原子水平的工作,新西蘭和澳大利亞的科學家們產生了一些意想不到的:小金屬雪花。為什麼重要呢?因為哄騙單個原子導致合作通過納米材料工程與技術革命。(和製造雪花很酷。)納米結構(納米一米的1000000000或50000倍小於人類頭發的直徑)有助於電子製造業,使材料更加強大而輕,或援助綁定清理環境毒素。創建金屬納米晶體,新西蘭和澳大利亞的科學家一直在進行實驗與镓,軟,銀色的金屬,用於半導體和液化的不尋常的財產在略高於室溫。他們的研究結果被報道在12月8日的《科學》雜誌上。尼古拉·加斯頓教授和研究員史蒂芬乖乖博士的Waipapa Taumata勞,奧克蘭大學和克裏斯塔博士Steenbergen的Te Herenga和歌,惠靈頓維多利亞大學的,與同事合作在澳大利亞教授領導Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh新南威爾士大學。澳洲團隊工作在實驗室與鎳、銅、鋅、錫、鉑、鉍、銀、鋁。 Metals were dissolved in gallium at high temperatures. Once cooled, the metallic crystals emerged while the gallium remained liquid. Credit: University of Auckland The New Zealand team, part of the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, a national Centre of Research Excellence, carried out simulations of molecular dynamics to explain why differently shaped crystals emerge from different metals. (The government’s Marsden Fund supported the research.) “What we are learning is that the structure of the liquid gallium is very important,” says Gaston. “That’s novel because we usually think of liquids as lacking structure or being only randomly structured.” Interactions between the atomistic structures of the different metals and the liquid gallium cause differently shaped crystals to emerge, the scientists showed. The crystals included cubes, rods, hexagonal plates, and the zinc snowflake shapes. The six-branched symmetry of zinc, with each atom surrounded by six neighbors at equivalent distances, accounts for the snowflake design. “In contrast to top-down approaches to forming nanostructure – by cutting away material – this bottom-up approach relies on atoms self-assembling,” says Gaston. “This is how nature makes nanoparticles, and is both less wasteful and much more precise than top-down methods.” She says the research has opened up a new, unexplored pathway for metallic nanostructures. “There’s also something very cool in creating a metallic snowflake!” Reference: “Liquid metal synthesis solvents for metallic crystals” by Shuhada A. Idrus-Saidi, Jianbo Tang, Stephanie Lambie, Jialuo Han, Mohannad Mayyas, Mohammad B. Ghasemian, Francois-Marie Allioux, Shengxiang Cai, Pramod Koshy, Peyman Mostaghimi, Krista G. Steenbergen, Amanda S. Barnard, Torben Daeneke, Nicola Gaston and Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh, 8 December 2022, Science.